THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR UNTUK STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI KESEHATAN MENTAL: SEBUAH SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Wawan Hadinata; Imam Agi Pratama; Nur Iman

doi:10.52423/jikuho.v10i4.1763

Authors

Wawan Hadinata Universitas Indonesia
Imam Agi Pratama Universitas Indonesia
Nur Iman Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52423/jikuho.v10i4.1763

Keywords:

Help-seeking, Kesehatan mental, Strategi komunikasi, Theory of planned behavior

Abstract

Kesehatan mental semakin diakui sebagai isu global, namun tingkat perilaku mencari bantuan (help-seeking) oleh penderita masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan meninjau penerapan Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) dalam menjelaskan perilaku help-seeking terkait kesehatan mental dan penerapannya dalam komunikasi kesehatan mental. Kajian dilakukan melalui systematic literature review (SLR), mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, dan menggunakan database Scopus. Artikel yang diikutkan berbahasa Inggris, terbit 2010–2024, dan relevan dengan topik penelitian. Diperoleh 11 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria untuk dianalisis. Hasil SLR menunjukkan penerapan TPB konsisten menjelaskan perilaku help-seeking melalui tiga faktor utama: sikap positif terhadap layanan sebagai prediktor terkuat, norma subjektif yang sangat berpengaruh pada konteks budaya kolektivis, serta persepsi kendali perilaku yang penting bagi populasi dengan keterbatasan akses seperti veteran. Temuan juga menegaskan TPB dapat dimanfaatkan untuk merancang strategi komunikasi kesehatan mental, dengan menargetkan perubahan sikap, memperkuat norma sosial melalui keterlibatan keluarga atau komunitas, serta meningkatkan kendali perilaku melalui penyediaan informasi praktis tentang akses layanan. SLR ini memperluas penerapan TPB ke ranah komunikasi kesehatan mental dengan menegaskan bahwa TPB tidak hanya relevan untuk memprediksi perilaku, tetapi juga untuk merancang intervensi berbasis komunikasi. Secara praktis, hasil kajian ini dapat menjadi panduan bagi praktisi komunikasi kesehatan dan pembuat kebijakan dalam menyusun intervensi yang menargetkan sikap, norma sosial, dan persepsi kendali untuk meningkatkan perilaku help-seeking.

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